The main injurious insects of Solanum aethiopicum L. in Casamance (Senegal) are: Asphondylia sp. (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), Ceratoneura sp. (Humenoptera, Eulophidae) and Scrobipalpa ergasima Meyric (Lepidoptera Gelechiidae) which all live in the fruit. About half of the yeild is destroyed by these pests. The damages of Asphondylia occur mainly from May to August, those of Ceratoneura from September to December; S. ergasima appears only during the dry season, from January to April. Although an important complex of parasitic Hymenoptera (18 species) belonging to various families (Eulophidae, Eurytomidae, Pteromalidae, Braconidae) is present, it is not sufficient to keep the preceding pests at a non prejudical threshold from the economic point of view. A key of these parasitic Hypmenoptera is given.