分类信息

• 界: Animalia | 动物界
• 门: Arthropoda | 节肢动物门
• 纲: Insecta | 昆虫纲
• 目: Hymenoptera | 膜翅目
• 亚目: Apocrita | 细腰亚目
• 总科: Ichneumonoidea | 姬蜂总科
• 科: Braconidae | 茧蜂科
• 亚科: Aphidiinae | 蚜茧蜂亚科
• 族: Praini
• 属: Praon Haliday, 1833 | 蚜外茧蜂属
• 种: Praon occidentale Baker, 1909
• tree:
• 寄生于:
  • Acyrthosiphon lactucae Passerini, 1860
  • Acyrthosiphon pisum M.Harris, 1776 | 碗豆蚜
  • Amphicercidus flocculosus Gillette & M.A.Palmer, 1929
  • Amphorophora geranii Gillette & M.A.Palmer, 1929
  • Aphis craccivora Koch & C.L., 1854 | 豆蚜
  • Aphis euphorbiae Kaltenbach, 1843
  • Aphis helianthi Monell, 1879
  • Aphis lugentis Williams & T.A., 1911
  • Aphis nasturtii Kaltenbach, 1843
  • Aphthargelia symphoricarpi C.Thomas, 1878
  • Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach, 1843 | 马铃薯蚜
  • Brachycaudus helichrysi Kaltenbach, 1843 | 光管舌尾蚜
  • Capitophorus elaeagni Del Guercio, 1894 | 胡须子钉毛蚜
  • Chaetosiphon thomasi Hille Ris Lambers, 1953
  • Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov, 1913
  • Dysaphis plantaginea Passerini, 1860 | 车前草蚜
  • Ericaphis wakibae Hottes, 1934
  • Hyperomyzus Börner, 1933
  • Hyperomyzus nigricornis Knowlton, 1927
  • Illinoia Wilson, 1910
  • Illinoia davidsoni Mason & P.W., 1925
  • Illinoia liriodendri Monell, 1879
  • Illinoia richardsi MacGillivray, 1958
  • Kakimia Hottes & Frison, 1931
  • Macrosiphoniella ludovicianae Oestlund, 1886
  • Macrosiphum Oestlund, 1886
  • Macrosiphum albifrons Essig, 1911
  • Macrosiphum euphorbiae C.Thomas, 1878
  • Macrosiphum osmaroniae Wilson & H.F., 1912
  • Macrosiphum rosae Linnaeus, 1758
  • Metopolophium dirhodum F.Walker, 1849
  • Microlophium Mordvilko, 1914
  • Microlophium carnosum Buckton, 1876
  • Myzaphis bucktoni Jacob, 1946
  • Myzus persicae Sulzer, 1776 | 桃蚜
  • Nasonovia aquilegiae Essig, 1917
  • Nasonovia polemonii Gillette & M.A.Palmer, 1929
  • Nearctaphis bakeri Cowen & J.H., 1895
  • Nearctaphis kachena Hottes, 1934
  • Phorodon humuli Schrank, 1801 | 指头蚜
  • Rhopalosiphum insertum (Walker, 1849)
  • Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus, 1758 | 禾缢管蚜
  • Sitobion avenae Fabricius, 1775
  • Uroleucon Mordvilko, 1914
  • Uroleucon erigeronense C.Thomas, 1878
  • Uroleucon sonchi Linnaeus, 1767
  • Uroleucon zymozionense Knowlton, 1946
  • Wahlgreniella nervata Gillette, 1908
• associated plant:
  • Achillea millefolium L. | 洋蓍草
  • Agoseris elata (Nutt.) Greene
  • Anaphalis margaritacea
  • Aquilegia formosa
  • Arnica
  • Arnica cordifolia Hook.
  • Artemisia ludoviciana
  • Almutaster
  • Cacaliopsis nardosmia (A. Gray) A. Gray
  • Centaurea pratensis
  • Chenopodium album | 藜
  • Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.
  • Convolvulus arvensis L.
  • Conyza canadensis | 加拿大蓬
  • Dactylis glomerata L. | 鸭茅
  • Geranium viscosissimum Fisch. & C.A. Mey. in C.A. Mey.
  • Gnaphalium microcephalum A.Gray
  • Hieracium albiflorum
  • Humulus lupulus
  • Lactuca serriola L. | 刺莴苣
  • Lapsana communis L.
  • Liriodendron tulipifera L. | 北美鹅掌楸
  • Madia minima
  • Malus domestica
  • Malus sylvestris
  • Medicago sativa L. | 紫苜蓿
  • Oemleria cerasiformis (W. L Hooker & Arnott) Landon
  • Oplopanax horridus (Sm.) Miq.
  • Osmorhiza chilensis
  • Prunus
  • Ribes aureum
  • Rosa | 蔷薇属
  • Solanum tuberosum | 马铃薯
  • Sonchus oleraceus Linnaeus
  • Symphoricarpos albus
  • Symphoricarpos microphyllus Kunth
  • Trifolium repens L. | 白三叶
  • Triticum aestivum | 小麦
  • Urtica dioica
  • Vaccinium corymbosum
  • Zea mays L. | 玉米

geography information

• 国家/地区: 加拿大 ; 智利 ; 危地马拉 ; 墨西哥 ;
• 省/行政区: 加利福尼亚州 ; 科罗拉多州 ; 康涅狄格州 ; 爱达荷州 ; 缅因州 ; 密歇根州 ; 蒙大拿州 ; 内华达州 ; 纽约州 ; 俄勒冈州 ; South Dakota ; 华盛顿州 ; 威斯康辛州 ; 怀俄明州 ;
• 地图:
  Distribution base on taxon

  Distribution base on occurrence/occurrences

reference

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• Bosque-Pérez, N.A.; Johnson, J.B.; Schotzko, D.J. and Unger, L, 2002. Species diversity, abundance, and phenology of aphid natural enemies on spring wheats resistant and susceptible to Russian wheat aphid. BioControl. 47(47):667-684
• Carroll, D.P. and Hoyt, S.C, 1986. Hosts and habitats of parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) implicated in biological control of apple aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environmental Entomology. 15(15):1171-1178
• Duncan, J. and Couture, R, 1957. Les pucerons de la pomme de terre dans l'est du Québec. Report of the Quebec Society for the Protection of Plants. 3:49-55
• Finlayson, T, 1990. The systematics and taxonomy of final instar larvae of the family Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada. 1:1-74
• Gahan, A.B, 1911. Aphidiinae of North America. Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station. 1:147-200
• Gahan, A.B, 1913. Some notes on the palpi of Aphidiinae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 1:86-87
• Hagen, K.S. and Schlinger, E.I, 1960. Imported Indian parasite of pea aphid established in California. California Agriculture. 14(14):5-6
• Johnson, J.W, 1987. A revision of the species of Praon Haliday in North America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Aphididae). Canadian Entomologist. 1:999-1025
• Lee, Wonhoon and Lee, Seunghwan, 2012. Unexpected problem in aphid DNA barcoding by universal primers. Entomological Science. 15(15):121-126
• MacGillivray, M.E. and Spicer, P.B, 1953. Aphid parasites collected in New Brunswick in 1950. Canadian Entomologist. 8:423-431
• Mackauer, M, 1963. A re-examination of C.F.Baker's collection of aphid parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Canadian Entomologist. 9:921-935
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• Mackauer, M, 1968. Insect parasites of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae and their control potential. Entomophaga. 13(13):91-106
• Mackauer, M. and Finlayson, T, 1967. The hymenopterous parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae et Aphelinidae) of the pea aphid in eastern North America. Canadian Entomologist. 99(99):1051-1082
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• Muesebeck, C.F.W, 1958. Family Braconidae. In: Krombein K.V. Ed. Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico synoptic catalog Agriculture Monograph No. 2 , first supplement. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. U.S.A. 584 pp
• Muesebeck, C.F.W, 1967. Family Braconidae. In: Krombein, K.V. & Burks, B.D. Eds. Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico synoptic catalog Agriculture Monograph No. 2 , second supplement. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. U.S.A. 584 pp
• Muesebeck, C.F.W. and Walkley, L.M, 1951. Family Braconidae. In: Muesebeck C.F.W., Krombein K.V. & Townes H.K. Eds. Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico - Synoptic catalog. U.S. Dept. Agriculture Monograph No. 2
• Narayanan, E.S.; Subba Rao, B.R. and Sharma, A.K, 1960. A catalogue of the known species of the world belonging to the subfamily Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Beiträge zur Entomologie. 10(10):545-581
• Narayanan, E.S.; Subba Rao, B.R.; Sharma, A.K. and Stary, P, 1962. Revision of "A catalogue of the known species of the world belonging to the subfamily Aphidiinae" (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Beiträge zur Entomologie. 12(12):662-720
• Pike, K.S.; Stary, P.; Allison, D.; Graf, G.; Boydston, L. and Miller, T, 1997. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of aphids on big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nuttall) and prairie sage (Artemisia ludoviciana Nuttall) in Washington State. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 99(99):143-155
• Pike, K.S.; Stary, P.; Miller, R.; Allison, D.; Boydston, L.; Graf, G. and Gillespie, R, 1997. Small-grain aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae and Aphidiidae) of Washington: Distribution, relative abundance, saesonal occurrence, and key to known North American species. Environmental Entomology. 26(26):1299-1311
• Pike, K.S.; Stary, P.; Miller, R.; Allison, D.; Boydston, L.; Graf, G. and Miller, T, 1996. New species and host records of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 1:570-591
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• Pike, Keith S.; Stary, Petr; Graf, George; Raworth, David A.; Mathur, Sneh; Tanigoshi, Lynell K. and Murray, Todd, 2011. A new Aphidius Nees (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of Ericaphis fimbriata (Richards) (Hemiptera, Aphididae) and key to parasitoids of blueberry aphid in the Pacific Northwest. Zootaxa. 2:58-62
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• Zuparko, R.L. and Dahlsten, D.L, 1993. Survey of the parasitoids of the tuliptree aphid, Illinoia liriodendri (Hom: Aphididae), in northern California. Entomophaga. 38(38):31-40

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